3月（3.3，3.4，3.10，3.23）
3.3
T1. State one of your challenging experiences. Explain why it is challenging and how you conquered this challenge.
Sample answer: (音频下载请点击附件challenging experience.mp3)
Something challenging that I ever did was the first time I gave a public speech when I was in middle school.
As we know, the biggest concern about public speaking is the anxiety. It was not that I hadn’t done such a thing before, but that I hadn’t got it well prepared. Also, it was a large audience of over 1,000 students and the teaching staff.
A couple of days before the speech, I couldn’t sleep well, so I asked my politics teacher --- a very nice person, for help. She gave me very useful suggestions----- think postively and take action, which still works for me right now. Then I did as I was advised to. Though I could have done worse than I had expected, I wouldn’t lose anything, but get valuable experience. Keeping this in mind, I practiced over and over again in front of a mirror. Eventually, I made it.
共10句
我的时间记录为：44’’
你的时间记录为:______
注：描述经历时，过程较多，适合用短句。所以此范例答案包含10句话。
T2. Some people choose a major that may gurantee a good job. Other people choose a major out of their personal interest in that area. Which do you think is a good idea and why?(或Some students would choose to study a subject because it brings plenty of job opportunities. Instead, others would choose to study a subject which really interests themselves, although it probably doesn’t sell well in the job market. Which opinion do you agree about? Explain why. )
Sample answer: (音频下载请点击附件choosing a major out of interst.mp3)
These two aspects of choosing a major both have their merits, but I still think choosing a major out of personal interest is a better idea.
To begin with, interest is the best teacher. Only when people show great interest in that particular area, they can do well in their academic career.
In addition, interest leads to involvement and involvement leads to enthusiasm and more response, which is very important for a student who’s pursuing a better future.
What’ s more, long-term success depends on performance out of vital interest. Interest in the subject encourages them to take an optimistic view-point and continued action to accomplish their goals. Even when facing tough problems, they are able to tackle them and move forward.
In closing, I agree with the idea of interest being the most important consideration of choosing a subject.
共8句
我的时间记录为：43’’
你的时间记录为:______
T3.
Reading:【学校通知】：学校对本科生实行新的学分政策。以前，上研究生课程的本科生只能拿到本科阶段的学分。新政策实施后，学分对本科阶段和研究生阶段都有效。也就是，如果这些优秀的学生毕业后继续报考本校的研究生的话，可以不再选同样的课程。校方的目的于鼓励学生在报考研究生的时候选择本校。
Listening: 【学生议论】：男生不同意。原因有三：
1）小班变大班，教学效果会不好。
2）对本科生和在读研究生都没好处。
3）本科生报考本校的研究生对其个人视野拓展和经历丰富性方面没有好处。
Sample answer:
In the reading material, the university is considering a new course credit policy. In the listening material, we clearly learn that man doesn't like the idea. One reason he gives is that if too many undergraduates choose to take graduate courses, he won’t be able to enjoy the small seminars and get personal attention from professors.Besides, the new policy is harmful not only for the graduates, but also for the undergraduates. Another reason is that the undergraduates shouldn’t be encouraged to stay in the same school for their graduate study ‘cause they will lose very good chance for new and different experiences. Therefore, he disagrees with that opinion.
T4.
Reading: 【课文要点】讲role distancing. 每个人都有他们的role，但是很多人都想separate from their role，because not comfortable.
Listening:【教授举例】说一个13岁的小孩，在家跟同学玩呢，他妈突然让他洗碗，他不愿意，因为他觉得在他同学面前没面子，但是不洗又不行，只能用一些间接方式表示抗议，比如做做鬼脸，比如洗得很慢之类的。
Sample answer:
In this set of materials, the reading passage explains the concept of role distancing.It states that people would express their reluctance of playing current social roles directly in very rare cases. In the listening passage, the professor gives an examples to illustrate this. A 13- year- old boy was playing with his friends in the living room when his mom came in and asked him to wash dishes. He knew very clearly that he should obey his mom and do the dishes. But, on the other hand, he did not want his friends to have the idea that he was just a nice, good kid. So he showed his reluctance by making faces or walking into the kitchen slowly. By these means, he proves that people would release some emotional clues that imply their unwillingness of accepting the roles.
T5.
【学生困难】：摄影协会的会长，工作忙，课又多。
【解决方案】：女生给他两个建议：
1） 退位，专心搞学习。
2）退课，反正不是必修。
Sample answer:
This is a discussion between two students. The male student is having a hard time dealing with his presidentship of the photographer’s club and his classes. The female student gives him 2 solutions. One of the solutions is to step down from his presidentship of the club. The other solution is to to drop some classes. I tend to agree with the second solution because the class is not mandatory. If he’s interested in that professor, Lora, he could frequent his visits to her. Also he wouldn still keep his position as president of the club and doing what he loves to do.
T6.
【讲课要点】：恐龙灭绝原因。两种理论假设。
1. 事物缺乏理论：陨石=>遮云蔽日=>植物变少=>动物变少=>灭亡
2. 全球升温理论：全球变暖=>蛋变暖=>雌的龙变少=>失衡=灭亡
Sample answer:
The lecture tells us about the two hypotheses explaining the extinction of dinosaurs. Then the professor goes on to further explain that. One is the lack-of -food theory. The other is the rising temperature theory. According to the first theory, an aerolite hit our planet millions of years ago. The dust clouds aroused by the collision blackened the sky for months. First, the plants died because of lack of sunshine to survive. Soon after that, the plant-eating dinosaurs died out because they had nothing to eat. Finally, after the death of plant-eating dinosaurs, all the carnivore dinosaurs disappeared permanently from our planet. According to the second theory, most dinosaurs died out as the result of volcano eruptions. The volcano eruptions always bring large amount of carbon dioxide into the air, which keeps the heat from running away. The higher the temperature, the less likely that female baby dinosaurs would come out. And because fewer female baby dinosaurs came out, even fewer eggs could be laid. Eventually, all dinosaurs as a species died out millions of years ago as the result of ever rising temperature.
3.4
T1. Describe an important gift you’ve received and explain why it is important. Please include specific details and examples in your explanation.
Sample answer: （音频下载请点击附件gift.mp3）
An important gift I’ve ever received is a doll given by my mother on my sixth birthday.
The doll is part of my fondest memories of childhood. I was a fourth child and received hand-me-downs(传下来的东西)from my sisters for everything--clothes, shoes, schoolbags. This was the first significant thing that I received of value that was just for me.
I had endless hours of play with that doll. She is around 3 feet tall, long brown hair, beautiful eyes, black shoes, undergarment and I think the dress is a plaid one which my mother made for her. I had her for quite a few years and loved to dress her up and change her hairstyle as a child.
The doll still exists and I'm thrilled to discover that she’s in in excellent condition ‘cause it truly has great meaning to me.
共8句
我的时间记录为：40’’
你的时间记录为:______
T2. Is the life in your generation easier or more difficult than that in your grandparents' time?Please include specific details and examples in your explanation.
Sample answer:（音频下载请点击附件easier life.mp3）
People’s life nowadays is undoubtedly becoming easier and more convenient due to the advanced technology.
Before, people used to cook by burning wood or coal, do their laundry with their hands and get information only from books, newspapers, some printed stuff like that. But the technological inventions make life better and more enjoyable. An electric boiler or a microwave oven makes cooking much faster and easier. A fully automatic washing machine drives the tedious laundry work away and people keep themselves very well informed by watching TV or surfing the Internet. Net-surfers in different countries can share interesting knowledge and the latest information. And also the Internet has provided a major opportunity to buy and sell merchandise and even stocks, reserve a ticket or a room, or do e-business. All this results in people meeting and sharing thoughts and exchanging knowledge, which eventually leads to betterment of mankind.
共8句
我的时间记录为：42’’
你的时间记录为:______
T3.
Reading:【学校通知】：一个毕业生的来信，说自己毕业工作后很后悔当初在学校没有学电脑知识，建议学校开始初级电脑课或之类的课程。
Listening: 【学生议论】：女生不同意。原因有二：
1) 世道变了，那男的都毕业25年了，现在每个人都会用电脑，而且每节课也都要用电脑，所以没这个必要。
2）没教电脑，不是学校的错误。学校没必要教给学生所有的skills, 学生应该自己学。那个男生即使离开了学校还是应该继续学习的。
Sample answer:
The reading material is a letter from a former student, in which he says he was regretful for not having learned computer skills well in school. Based on that fact, he suggests that the university start intro-computer and some related courses. In the listening material, we clearly learn that woman doesn't like the idea. One reason she gives is that things have changed since the student graduated 25 years ago. Now almost everyone can use the computer, and is using it in every class, so his suggestion is unfavorable.
Another reason is that it is not university's fault not to teach computer in school. Not all the skills are learned in school. Students should learn by themselves after leaving school, so should that student. Therefore, she disagrees with that opinion.
T4.
Reading: 【课文要点】Sunk cost (已支付成本或隐没成本). 就是花出去的钱不能再收回。
但是有时人们还继续做着不利的事。
Listening:【教授举例】说你已经买了票要去看足球赛。结果那天下雨，又冷。当天电视上也有直播。但是你认为票很贵，既然买了，就应该去。结果被淋湿。其实如果你在家看呢，尽管钱花了，但至少还挺快乐。反正钱已经花出去了，干嘛不找一个自己舒服一点的方式呢。
Sample answer:
In this set of materials, the reading passage explains a concept of sunk cost.
It states that sunk costs are costs that have been incurred and which cannot be recovered to any significant degree.
People will continue their project even they know it won't be profitable if there is a sunk cost.
In the listening passage, the professor gives an example to illustrate this. Suppose you've already bought a ticket for a football game. But on that day, it was cold and raining. Besides, there would be a live game on TV. But as you thought you already paid for the expensive ticket, you would struggle to go outside to see the game. So you would get cold and wet. The ticket is the sunk cost. Actually, if you stayed home watching it on TV, there wouldn’t be any trouble and you would feel happy about it.
By these means, he proves that sunk costs should no longer be taken into account, since they were incurred in the past. Instead, people should do something fancier than what they have originally planned.
T5.
【学生困难】：男生想去听review,因为对考试会有帮助，可是他已经答应了朋友去帮他搬新家，所以无法如期参加。
【解决方案】：女生给他三个建议：
1） Review是在早上开始的，而且也不会持续太长时间，所以男的可以上午早点去。男的说：不行,朋友动作慢,东西多,要很长时间。
2）女生可以写下notes，给男生看。男的说,你太NICE了，但是我想还在REVIEW上提问题让教授回答。
3）男生可以问女生问题，如果女生知道就帮他回答。
Sample answer:
In the conversation, the man wants to go to the review class, which is very helpful for the coming exam, but he can’t because he has promised his friend to help him move. The woman gives her 2 solutions. One of the solutions is to go to the class early because it starts early in the morning and won’t last long. But the man has trouble finishing the moving ‘cause his friend is slow and also has a lot of things. So he guesses it would take much time. The other solution is she can take notes and lend it to him. But the man is afraid he won’t be able to ask the professor questions in class. The third one is that the man can ask her if he has any questions. Maybe she could help. I tend to agree with the second solution because the man wouldn’t feel guilty for not being able to help his friend with the moving. Also, and he could still get the content in the review class.
T6.
【讲课要点】：讲人们原来以为，fungi对tree是有伤害的，但现在教授说它是有利的, fungi 对树木的成长有间接帮助。
1) Fungi 以死木为食，因此树木中空。中空的树木在暴风雨中不会被刮倒。
2) 中空的树木吸引动物到里面居住生活，其废弃的食物反之为树木提供了养料。
Sample answer:
The lecture tells us about the benefits of fungi to trees. Then the professor gives an example to further explain that fungi inside the trees helps the tree indirectly: first, fungi consume the dead wood. If the dead wood includes the core of the tree, this process will leave a hollow tree. The trunk of a hollow tree thereby makes it more stable and much less in danger of toppling, like in the wind and storm. Second, hollow logs provide a safe and warm place for animals to hide in and raise families. Birds and other creatures live and feed inside. Birds make nests in hollow trees. Insects, like the stag beetle, feed on dead wood to survive. This, in turn, provides the trees with waste food, the tree's nutrition.
In all, fungi work like magic, turning nutrients in dead wood into a kind of energy that living trees feed on.
3.10
T1. Describe one of the most positive inventions in the last 100 years.Please include specific details and examples in your explanation.
Sample answer:（音频下载请点击附件invention.mp3）
Some people might think computer is one of the most important inventions in the last century. But I’d say television. Since the invention of television, human history has started a new page. First, TV allows people to learn about what’s going on in the world. With such information, they are able to get a better understanding of the world they live in. What’s more, TV provides a lot of interesting programs that many people enjoy after a long day’s work. Its visual effect makes people feel less stressed and more relaxed. Most important of all, Television has a great influence on the way that we think and talk.
共8句
我的时间记录为：41’’
你的时间记录为:______
T2. Some people think college education is essential to a successful career. Other people think attending college doesn’t help a lot . Which opinion do you have?
Sample answer :（音频下载请点击附件college education.mp3）
College education is crucial to not only one’s personal realization, and but to development of the society as well.
From my point of view, there are many merits and advantages to college education. I guess the core advantages are still definitely academic, but increasingly socially important and prominent. Nowadays the workforce and modes of work, as well as job requirements and duties are in an ever-increasing state of constant flux(变迁)and change------ more demanding mentally, more demanding time-wise, more demanding in all aspects.
The workforce of today must be first and foremost multi-skilled. A mathematical, copious (丰富的)organisational skills, computer semi-geek(奇才), can start, handle, and finish several projects all at once and all on time.
The real learning therefore is no longer single-discipline academic, but broad and varied, flexible and adaptable. And this is why college education is becoming more and more essential.
共8句
我的时间记录为：44’’
你的时间记录为:______
T3.
Reading:【学校通知】：通告贴出在学校电脑中心工作的qualification. 要求能力强，工作时间有保证。
Listening: 【学生议论】：男生不同意。原因有二：
1）要求太高。难有学生qualified。而且如何确定学生是否合格也是个问题。那就意味着开始电脑维修课。所以应该对分数有要求。
2）尽管分数达到了最低要求，也只能是处理普通问题。
Sample answer:
The reading material is a notice saying the university is offering jobs at the computer center. But only qualified students have the right to work there. Also they have to work full hours. In the listening material, we clearly learn that man doesn't think it works. One reason he gives is that the qualifications are too high. And how to decide which student is qualified enough is also a question. That means, university has to open a computer repair course. So they should have a requirement on their grade. Another reason is that even their grade has passed the minimum requirement. That only means they can handle some normal situations. Therefore, he disagrees with that opinion.
T4.
Reading: 【课文要点】经济学的定义: positive externality "积极的界外效应" 定义:可能人们并没有明确的requirement, 但是却因为其它的事情产生的一种interaction.
Listening:【教授� 
