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第一段听得还不错，笔记记漏了vdb设计cent的那一部分。主要是记录速度比较慢，还没写完呢，下面的信息就已经说完了。! E. j d% `4 P3 g
listen to this talk being given on the colleage campus0 P5 {* Q( h. k4 M R
i was really glad when your clab（club） invited me to share my coin collection.it's been my passion since i collected my first lincoln cent in 1971..tht's a coner(current) penny with al’s image.just a little history just before i started my own collection.l pennies are made of copper,and they were the first united states'coin to bare(bear) the likeness of a president.it was back in 1909 when our country was celebrating theannutiny(centennial) of l's birth in 1809,that the desision was made to redesign the one-cent piece in his honor.before that the penny had an american indian head on it.the new penny was designed by the artist victor db.this is interesting because he put the name-short(initials)5 w& Z% ]: r6 ~
vdb on the reverse of the coin in its original design.there was a general upblower(uproar) when the
$ A ?& f6 C: G' [+ i8 hinitials was discovered,and only a limited number of coins were struk (struck)with the initials on them.today a penny with the initials of the sanfrancisco mint called the 1909svdb is once(worth) over 500 dallors.now,when i started my coin collection,i began with the penny for several reasons.there were alot of them,several handred billion of the maded(minted),and there were a lot of people collecting them.so i had plenty of people to trade with and talke to about my collection.also it was a coin i could afford to collect as a young teenager.in the 25 years since then,i have manage to acquire over 300 coins, some of them very rare.i will be sharing with you today some of my rarer specimens,including the 1909svdb.: U, L- q7 A; [# x) _+ T+ J; U
下面一段就惨不忍睹了，生词不多，但是很多认识的词听不出来唉。听到最后精力也不集中了，大概咖啡的劲过去之后整个人都进入半睡眠状态了吧。Orz……$ l0 {) q4 o9 d; y+ V6 j" Z# n
笔记开头和结尾还好，中间只记了个大体框架，Orz……) W/ e% M; v% G' D, U
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6 S" [* }. N s. S' llisten to a talk in the class about the united states history.% c1 t3 t# A+ Z" O
what was the most popular means(myths) about the united states in the 19century was that of the free,simple life of the farmer?it was said that farmers worked hard on their own line(land) to produce whatever their own families needed.they might sometimes trade with neighbors,in gerneral,they could get along just fine by
" Y, @9 B& W/ d+ W* Srelying on themselves,not on commercial ties with others.! m: d( x; A5 N1 A( D
these is how toms jeffy's idea lied(idealized) the farmers at the beginning of the 19century,and at that time,this maybe(have been)
1 Y/ E3 |2 h9 }1 M! y7 E; `. V+ N: sclose to the truth,especially on the frantire(frontier).but by mid-century,sweeping changes in agriculture were well under way,as famers began to specialize in therace(raising) of crops,such as cotton or corn or wheat.
; A* V; \* @4 j+ L+ w# f1 Q7 [by late in the century,revolutionary advances in farm machinery and wisely(vastly) increased production of the specialized crops,and the extensive network of railroads had linked farmers throughout the country to markets in the east and even overseas.by reason in(raising) selling specialized crops,farmers could afford more and finer goods,and achieve a much higher standard of living,by add(but at a) price." [8 O" P/ ?" y, z" k; f
now,farmers are on longer just dependent on the weather or their own efforts.their lives were increasingly controlled by banks,were check (which had) power to grant or dinit(deny)
w' P: O! M5 U% p3 A( Floans for new machinery,and by the railroads,which send(set) the crops(rates) from shipping their crops to market.as businessmen ,famers now had to worry about national economic depressions,and the influence of the world suppliment into men on(supply and demand on),for example the price of wheat in casers,and so,by the end of the 19century,the era
, I+ V* i5 [# H. r' Q0 p8 Qof j's independent farmer had come to a close.) c: |* J; p) c: L2 _" j) y$ R
