场景训练下- S8 Q' T9 ]" g/ ^. b/ h
天文学
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Ok, this is(Located)at the NASA research center in YYY is a five thousands gallon vat of water and inside the tank is an underwater
' f. n& d: y  G, ?) y; m….(treadmill) designed by XXX and …space(an aerospace) engineer. For four years XXX observed ….divers…(scuba divers as) they stimulated walking on the moon and on the(-) mars on her underwater moving belt. She wanted to discover how the gravity of the moon and of mars would affect human movement. To do this, XXX….(attached) weights to the divers and then lowered them into the tank and onto the ….(treadmill)these weights were carefully adjusted, so the(so that the) divers could experience underwater the gravity of the moon and of mars as they walked on the ….(treadmill). XXX concluded that walking on mars will probably be easier than walking on moon. The moon has less gravity than mars does. So at lunar gravity the divers struggled to keep balance and walk …..ly(awkwardly), but at Martian gravity, the divers had greater ..tion(traction) and stability and could easily adjust to the(a) pace of 1.5 miles per hour. As XXX gradually increased the speed of …. (the treadmill)the divers took longer graceful strides until they comfortably settled into an even quicker place(pace). XXX also …(noted)that at Martian gravity the divers needed less oxygen. The data XXX collected will help in the future design of Martian space suits, compared to lunar space suits, Martian space suits will require smaller air tanks and to allow for freer movement, the air ….(elbow)and …(knee) areas of space suits will also be offered(altered).6 Y2 x$ M& F6 i. H5 ?( Q; ^
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treadmill 踏车
+ X, [, y0 m9 e% @traction 牵引力
6 A( W' V& I( `+ p8 }weight 重物/ d( f# s. w& I, ]: o7 v9 d
vat，tank 都是容器/ |  ?& T2 W1 u: w! x+ e3 M
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听了那么多遍还都是错，听力太逊了7 O# }% a7 W& b5 ~7 ~
猛插自己

发牢骚专用频道：
# j9 b6 m+ U3 u* H1、既然每天都要插自己，插一刀也是插，插两刀也是插，为什么不多插几刀……反正早死早超生
/ Y! @; i/ v! Q, @0 U3 H2、不要只见贼吃肉，没见贼挨打……我想吃肉，所以，要先学会挨打
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[ 本帖最后由 小马过桥 于 2008-8-6 17:02 编辑 ]

天文
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Thank you. It is great to see so many of you are(-) interested in this series :survival in outer space. Please excuse the cameras, we are being video …(videotaped) for the local TV stations. Tonight, I am going to talk about the most basic aspect of survival --the space suits(suit). When most of you imagine an astronaut, that is probably first thing comes into(to) mind, right? Well, without space suits, it would not be possible for us to survive in space. For example, outer space is vacuum, there is no gravity or air pressure. Without protection a body would explode. What’s more, we are cooking the sun or freezing the shade(we’d cook in the sun or freeze in the shade) when(with) temperature is(-) ranging from a…(toasty)300 degrees above to a cool 300 degrees below 0…(Fahrenheit). The space suits the NASA has developed is truly a marvel. This photo …(enlargement)here, is a… image …aerospace (a lift-size image of an actual space) suits worn by astronauts….(on the last space shuttle mission) This part(past) is the torso. It is made of 7 extremely durable layers. This is the second(thick) insulation protects against temperature extremes and radiation. Next is what they call a ….(bladder)of oxygen. That is inflatable …(sac)filled with oxygen to stimulate atmosphere（-ric） pressure. This …. (bladder)presses against the body with the same …(force) of(as) the earth’s atmosphere at sea level. The innermost layers provide liquid cooling …..(and ventilation) Despite all the layers the suit is flexible, allowing free movement so we can work. Another really sophisticated part of space suits is the helmet. I brought one along to show you. Can I have a volunteer come and demonstrate?' O6 E) |: P; l  W3 E
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sac, bladder 囊
- h  e9 k( W4 o# ], l6 Z/ Oventilation 通风 通风装置$ ]1 v- a8 d# G1 q1 Z: A! T
Fahrenheit 华氏7 u0 A8 a7 N" c( e+ t) G0 E2 `
lift-size 莫非是像电梯一样大小的？
4 S4 p( r( \6 [5 M: m: h* \toasty 暖烘烘的
3 q5 K( v2 _/ r: Z1 Dtorso    sth. left unfinished, body
" w8 X7 R2 W# O$ [; ]: I& Talong  在手边，随手
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- |9 Z: |: O; ^! Pnnd，我耳朵是不是有毛病 & n6 P% I' E9 S- h' K
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[ 本帖最后由 小马过桥 于 2008-8-6 09:33 编辑 ]

天文
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1 x. F( x2 ~; _1 u# FMost people think of astronomers as people who spend their time in cold observatories peering through telescopes every night. In fact a typical astronomer spend most of his or her time analyzing data and may only be at telescope a few weeks of a year. Some astronomers work on purely theoretical problems and never use a telescope at all. You might not know how really it deserves you directly to(rarely images are viewed directly through) telescopes. The most common way to observe the skies is to photograph them. The process is very simple. First, the photographic plate is coded(coated) with light …(sensitive) material. The plate position …(is positioned so that) the image received by the telescope is recorded on it. Then the image can be developed, enlarged and published, so that many people can study it. Because most astronomical objects are very remote, the light we receive from them is rather feeble. But by using a telescope as a camera, long time exposures can be made. In this way, objects can be photographed that there(-) are 100 times things(faint) to be seen by just looking through a telescope.( c/ P4 D: J# Y8 Q, X
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2 k9 u0 b0 u1 k" r. g# Efaint feeble dim vague hazy indistinct swoon pale weak
. x: A. ?/ p% R3 p4 P! Dlight-sensitive 感光的
: K2 e; \- V; M# v/ mcoat 覆盖) C" P/ m8 j6 F' ?3 G/ _
plate 同film
' U# c  _; L. C: lexposure 曝光
2 e5 [3 k$ x& v; E" g8 l+ Na few，as a-------a

哇，，一天三篇啊，，( p7 ^) P) ?) [% c% _
咱们不要怀疑自己的耳朵吗

小马discovery
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/ {' W# }7 s: I; @2 A& z* D3 EHalley’s comet- S. I) [/ S8 \  h
three of the comets seemed to follow the same or proximate orbit -àcycling the Sun every 76years--àmade bold prediction-àno longer alive to see his discovery-àsince then, 3 more times-àmilestone: replace the superstitious belief with the rational scientific understanding of the physical universe
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) ?: r/ S- Z* a+ ?/ {8 E  g2 ~6 X% E日心地动说
- d9 D$ Q/ A7 D% ]$ ^) u9 K$ ~/ ]Copernicus-àamateur astronomer-àfound the Greeks earth center system failed to…-àwonder if the earth is self-moved-àearth center: mars shadow: retrograde, stop, be smaller and smaller, fade in the sky, and go forward.
0 n( V4 L0 Y: R7 o( zSun center: all the planets are going always the same way around
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木星有卫星
: u* P2 {- {  `8 V! sGalileo-àtoy-àperfected it and converted it into telescope-àfirst to see mountains on the moon, cluster of the Milky Way, a group of four small bright stars arranged around planet Jupiter-àorbiting the planet Jupiter-àprove the solar system- Z4 e$ |# M. @
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Ancient astronomers中最重要的是Mesopotamian
/ i. r. x( g# e. j( }3 ?4 j8 j, ^9 ugiant tower to record the rising and setting of the Sun, the Moon and stars& u. c: Y4 y1 A' h( Y0 E% H
clay tablet to record what they saw， language：Babylonia
2 K+ H3 t% B$ U6 {the earliest record of planet moving: the motion of the planet Venus! `) [& B& T! v6 _( ~! I, k% W
产生astrology
! u: z8 ]# X" A# N- X2 k" X6 |( h* L+ yGreeks took the next step.7 C1 z3 j& U7 _# f2 l
从Mesopotamia
$ A. P$ ?$ X& Zbrought back some systematic records--àmathematics theory of the motion of the planet--àsolar system' S& ?7 L7 H; C1 e% W4 i" t: ]
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有关Mesopotamia8 G% I$ A) w' ^) K% i; y
An ancient region of southwest Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern-day Iraq. Probably settled before 5000b.c. , the area was the home of numerous early civilizations, including Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, and Assyria. It declined in importance after Mongol invaders destroyed its extensive irrigation system in a.d.  1258., f! d  \$ J9 [

+ ~! j. V: X& x# S原义“河间地区”，亦称“两河流域”。广义的指底格里斯与幼发拉底两河的中下游地区，东抵扎格罗斯山，西到叙利亚沙漠，南迄波斯湾，北及托罗斯山。北部为山地，向南经过于草原和平原到南部沼泽性的两河三角洲。美索不达米亚为人类最古的文化摇篮之一，灌溉irrigation农业为其文化发展的主要基础。公元前四千年已有较发达文化，曾出现巴比伦与亚述帝国。此后又经过波斯、马其顿、罗马与奥斯曼等帝国的统治。第一次世界大战后，其主要部分成为独立的伊拉克。狭义的仅指两河之间的地区。7 Y6 R8 e( G5 Z' o: Z3 I
　　公元前4000年到公元前2250年是两河文明的鼎盛时期，《旧约全书》称其为"希纳国"（Land of Shinar）。两河沿岸因河水泛滥flooding而积淀成肥沃土壤，史称"肥沃的新月地带"（南美的那个和"金三角"齐名的地区称为"罪恶的新月地带"）。由于两河不象尼罗河一样是定期泛滥的，所以确定时间就必须靠观测天象astrology。住在下游的苏美尔人发明了太阴历lunar calendar，以月亮的阴晴圆缺作为计时标准，把一年划分为12个月，共354天，并发明闰月leap year，与太阳历相差的11天。把一小时分成60分，以7天为一星期。还会分数、加减乘除四则运算arithmetic和解一元二次方程，发明了10进位法和16进位法。他们把圆分为360度，并知道π近似于3。甚至会计算不规则多边形的面积及一些锥体的体积。0 D  I: V# ~! O! h: h& y
　　公元前4000年，苏美人最早发明了表意和指意符号的象形文字hieroglyph，因为这种文字大多刻在砖、石或黑色的玄武岩。泥板上，"起笔重而印痕较深"，成尖劈形，形似木楔，所以被称为楔形文字cuneiform。 2 Z8 {. X/ l2 [) g" {

" ]2 e4 w, D  e7 F$ k" E　　著名的例子是“世界七大奇迹”之一的新巴比伦城墙。城墙以亮丽的蓝色为底色，由白；黄两色组成的狮子；公牛和龙的图案散布在城墙各处，由上到下一层一层地排序着，昂首阔步，栩栩如生。被后世人称为“空中花园”。
, d6 T$ A7 F) V5 ]1 Q' h　　之后的尼罗河文明Nile和印度河文明Indus river，是在两河文明的促进下发展起来的。希腊人从那里学到了数学、物理学和哲学；犹太人从那里学到了神学，并将它传播于世；阿拉伯人从那里学到了建筑学，并以此教化了中世纪时整个野蛮的欧洲。
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0 n6 O. [, R" C8 L/ p  A" m　　大约在公元前2000年，阿摩利人建立了以巴比伦城为首都的巴比伦王国。公元前1792，汉谟拉比（Hammurabi）即位，征服了苏美尔人和阿卡德人，统一了美索不达米亚平原，并颁布了《汉谟拉比法典》，这是世界上第一部较为完备的成文法典，但不是最早的，最早的叫《乌尔纳木法典》。《汉谟拉比法典》共有282条，刻在一块高2.25米的黑色玄武岩石柱上。: k+ f* W! t4 [! O% O! y/ K/ }
　　公元前689年，巴比伦王国被亚述所灭。公元前605年新巴比伦王国灭掉了亚述。后来，神庙祭师集团当权，终于在公元前538年，被位于伊朗高原的波斯所灭。古代两河流域的文明作为一个独立的整体便告结束。
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[ 本帖最后由 小马过桥 于 2008-8-6 17:03 编辑 ]

还好我怀疑的只是耳朵 不忍心怀疑智商啊

campus topics* w1 h9 h  z! z% y7 h: M
1
: f3 t) p2 e+ V' r" O4 B6 O* c1 b4 GIt seems like only yesterday that I was sitting where you are. Just finishing my first year of medical school and wondering if I’d ever get a chance to use all my new knowledge on the(a) real live patient. Well I have good news for you. You don’t have to wait until your third or fourth year of medical school to get some hands-on experience. The…(dean)has invited me here to tell you about university’s rural opportunities(单数) program. If you enroll in this program, you can have opportunity this summer after your first year of medical school to stand for(spend from) 4 to 6 weeks observing and assisting a real ….physician , like me in a small rural community. You won’t have to compete with other students for times(单数) and attention, and you can see what life of(as) a country doctor is really like. The program was designed to encourage medical students like yourselves to consider careers and rural community(-ies) that is(are) still understaffed. It seems that medical students are free(afraid) to go into the family program for two reasons. First, they don’t know much about it and second specialists in the cities usually make more money. But on the upside, in rural practice doctors can really get to know their patients and be respected members by the community. I participated in the program when it first started and spent 6 weeks in a small rural town. Let me tell you it is(was) really great. I got to work with real patients. I watched the birth of the child and an insistent(assisted an ) accident victim and had lots of really practical hands-on experience all in one summer. And to my surprise, I found the(that)country life has a lot to offer that the city life doesn’t, no pollution and traffic jams for instance. My experience made me want to work where I am needed and appreciated. I don’t miss the city at all.
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$ L  h& J, p7 G" F! B$ y& A) Zphysician 8 R, k+ G! @9 b# L
dean 院长3 C1 f; D1 z9 N
辨音free-------afraid，as, assisted, victim

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In a few minutes that remain in(of) today’s class, I’d like to discuss next week(‘s) schedule with you. Because I am preparing(presenting) a paper at a conference in Detroit on Thursday, I won’t be here for either Wednesday’s or Friday’s class. I will have to(however) be here for Monday’s. Next Friday, a week from today, it’s the mid-term exam marking the halfway pointed(point in) the semester. Professor XXX has agreed to administrate(administer) the exam. In place of the usual Wednesday class, I’ve arranged an optional review session. Since it is optional attendance will not be taken. However, attending the class would be a good idea for those worried about the mid-term. So remember optional class next Wednesday, mid-term Friday.. J0 l. G! u# g" K& @; K
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& ?+ K% z3 ]( A- G$ Z0 xin place of 代替! z! ~: Y: r* q- `
administer与administrate
* r+ I4 A4 t. z6 P有关监考：invigilate an exam, monitor ~, proctor ~, supervise ~, administer ~, supervisor, invigilator, proctor, examiner6 F3 B% Q# C5 Q
有关必修：required course, obligatory ~, prerequisite ~, compulsory ~, a must* P8 I( T+ i# H* i& a6 D) H  @
有关选修：optional ~，elective ~

3 打工# h! X& b: o& l" H# {+ T# z
Good afternoon. I am here today to talk to you about a career with our airline. We are especially interested in including(recruiting) people to fill openings for flight attendants. First of all, to work as a flight attendant with us, you must be accepted into our training program. And with so many people applying, it is not easy to be selected. From the thousands of applications that we receive …ly(annually)we choose fewer than a thousands(单数) of(-) people for training. So we require experience serving the public and it also helps …(if you’ve earned)some college credits. Also not everybody who gets excepted(accepted) into the training program makes it through. The course …(meets)6 days a week for 5 weeks. The training includes extensive classroom work in such subject first day(as first aid) and passenger psychology as well as practical training in flight ….(procedures) and meal service. A lot of our graduates say that our flight attendants developed the skill of a nurse., …(a headwaiter) and public relations ….(executive). But as a flight attendant myself I can say that all of the hard work is worthy(worth) it. Of course I get to travel through(throughout) the country and the airline pays all of my expenses while I am away from my base station. And what I like best of all is to make(that I’ve made) friends with people all over the country.
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recruit
1 y" P9 \+ ~2 p3 C# Y补充，吸收，征募
2 c3 Z9 t, O& g! x' J3 Eopening 职位的空缺，好机会
  u4 `) ?0 g, V- A6 pannually: yearly
$ A$ A3 Q% r! S& c& f  Fprocedure! S' i' c9 e/ U& A7 R
headwaiter 领班, o: m+ s$ e7 E8 C
executive
' C$ R3 ~% U! b! V5 Y" d, M 存储力不够，听完就忘--！！！ 识别力不强，反应超慢--！！！ 鄙视自己3次