So why did what is now called modern dance begin in the United States. To begin to answer this question, I’ll need to backtrack a little bit and talk about classical ballet. # \: S$ P  D' x: U/ l7 ~# M

; s  |" j- }; n6 E6 {By the late 1800s, ballet has lost a lot of popularity. Most of the ballet dancers who performed in United States were brought over from Europe. They performed using rigid techniques that had been passed down (for) through the centuries. Audiences and dancers in United States were eager for their own contemporary dance form, and so around 1900s dancers created one. / }' J/ g  w- {  G1 Z
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So how was the modern dance so different from classical ballet? (Almost) well, most (natively) notably, it wasn’t carefully (coreal craft) choreographed. Instead dance depended on the improvisation and free personal expression of the dancers, music and scene were of little importance to the modern dance, and (likeness) lightness of the movement wasn’t important either. In fact modern dancers make no attempt at all to conceal the (African) effort involved in the dance step. ( C; W* V3 B3 n; Z0 @* a& J
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But even if improvisations appeal to audiences, many dance critics were less enthusiastic about the performances. (The) they (question) questioned the artistic integrity of dancers were not professionally trained and the artistic value of works that had no formal structure. L, after performing fire dance was described as doing little more than turning round and round (and beater) like an eggbeater. Yet the free personal expression of the pioneer dancers is the basis of the controlled freedom of modern dance today; \( `( Y2 N) j
Notably ad.显著地
8 t6 N0 Q1 w& K% J0 p: {Choreograph v.设计舞蹈动作8 i# \9 ~2 U" [& j0 [* W3 ]; S* f5 E
跟读
$ j7 C- r2 }2 s4 O5 x! \& H+ z3 l1the-they, African-effort(这个居然能听成African，难道真是饿晕了), for-through

No.168 o% i( C% o* y( {
人物摄影家
- H4 h) p0 T$ |/ Y! w+ iThat’s an interesting question, Tom. Women did participate in the early days of motion picture making. What of the most outstanding is L, she is credited as the first consistently successful women film director.
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) a& v/ N- C8 j+ G' U9 ^/ ]0 O6 S3 B/ y(Nearly) in early1900s, when she first arrived in Hollywood, Ms L made (serious) series of experimental sound films. This is almost twenty years before modern talking pictures were developed. The dialogue for (the) her movies was recoded on (photographic) photograph records and then (syncranized) synchronized with the action on a movie screen, very innovative of that time.' d9 F; R9 w: ?

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In addition, L felt movie should be educational as well as entertaining. She made several highly controversial movies (the) that dealt with the moral and social issues of (the) her day. And some of the most controversial work (constressed) addressed issues particularly interest to women. Unfortunately, R died in 1939, just as Hollywood was beginning to make movies aiming primarily at (email) female audiences, which brings me to my next point
4 p4 U+ `* S6 U+ MSynchronize v.使同时，同时发生
( h3 O, z1 N" u$ S! V/ @重点跟读# Q- U: V! \& k( p- f
1work addressed
3 e6 ]6 n; C/ c2 W3 y/ q' _2the-that,这个仿佛是耳朵的克星，总是听不出来，疯了~

楼主加油！

这是前天的,先上来
7 D" r3 t  S. R6 y* r$ RNo.17$ M4 D# ~6 c( ?& Z
(There was a book) now let’s focus on comics in the 1950s. Early in the decade, sales were down, so the publishers started looking for some new angle to get the readers interested again. They found they were looking for with horror comics, stories about ghosts and demon, the （bofe and envirolent）graphically violent. ' p. c4 v3 W; q7 p) S& w
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Before long, most of major publishers were printing horror comics. But it all came to an end a few years later. You see, there was a psychologist named G who claimed that comic books the horror books in particular, were a bad influence on children and turn them into (jew) juvenile delinquents. W even wrote a book called seduction of the innocent (they chose) that showed (pacific) specific scenes from (the college) comics that he thought were particularly bad influence on kids. 9 o- l/ I/ n% K. E

  ?# w" i% i1 }( p, t7 i; Q- dW wasn’t the only one (who doubted) down on comics. The United States (sent some community) Senate Subcommittee on juvenile delinquency also released a report very critical of comics. The result of (these pots) all this fuss was the creation of comics （cold）code authority in 1955. This (was) is a self (sensory) censoring body created by the publishers. Essentially, for a comic book to be approved (five and) by the (cold) code, it had to be free of the blood and (gord) gore that was usually (detected) depicted in most horror comics, and evil could never triumph over good. Children had to be shown that crime did not pay.   i% o( ~+ Q" T+ H4 b# W4 f$ T2 c

! ^+ r( y, O3 l6 K  s7 C. iWell, if comic sales were bad in 1950, （hence） things got even worse in 1955. Many small publishers actually (won that) went of business. (For) But the industry (responded) rebounded by introducing a new (line) lineup of super-heroes, characters like spiderman and fantastic (horn) four. Now I’ve brought with me today
* V4 j' e' x2 ^9 N9 T* B$ csome comic books from the (aero) era to pass around. They are from my personal collection, so please be extra careful when handling them.
% d$ r1 E9 v* f: B生词表" w! I$ t! P/ `1 x
Demon n.恶魔，魔鬼
  X) \; P3 j- L7 I9 q& W( X& aGraphically ad.用图表表示
* s5 [8 r. w; }9 E' Q7 J4 SFuss vi.小题大做，大惊小怪。vt.烦恼，激动（尤指对小事）。n.忙乱，大惊小怪，小题大做；抱怨；焦急，紧张。
: o3 P4 G: G- K0 W- x6 \Censor v.检查书刊、电影等4 K$ l5 i$ N$ @' f6 ^0 @
Gore n.（主要用于描写战斗）伤口处凝固的血，血污。V.（用角或长牙）刺或戳伤（人或动物）n.（衣服、伞或帆上的）三角形布
+ R3 Z9 P* q$ U# K2 t6 Z' kDepict vt.描绘，描画，描述2 c( E, x% N" I- j; S( G
Rebound vi.弹回，反弹；产生反作用，未能奏效。) b( ]# j2 N) W+ |) v5 q
重点跟读
7 l2 @  B  x0 \: |8 E错了那么多，想想哪个都应该能听出来的~早上读吧，唉，小郁闷ing
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这是昨天的,昨晚听得太晚了就断网了,今天的接着听吧) i! g) f8 [# a9 t
在实验室站了整整七个小时,累~5 g! r: V& `% y1 \8 w2 E# y2 H
No.18 建筑log structure
2 f4 p/ j* G; f' lAs you probably know, log structures are gaining popularity. They are no longer just the simple country homes that we think of as the traditional cabin. Some upscale homes now (call for ig) incorporate natural (around) round logs in (sailing) ceiling beams and walls. People seem to think the rounded logs give their home (cothy) cozy, warm atmosphere. And even people who want to build traditional log cab on (a roan) their own can buy a (kids) kit with (preca) precut logs that (have been) fit together like (projecut proposal) pieces of a jigsaw puzzle.
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* z( Z4 ^7 A" W4 G" E4 k% F9 k6 eBefore showing you some (slive) slides of modern log houses, I’d like to give (you) a little historical background on the subject. Log cabins were first built in the late 1600s along the D river valley. The European immigrants who settled there brought centuries’ old traditions of working with logs. And in this heavily wooded area, Logs were the material (on) at hand.
- A* H: ]6 n9 V( D% }% O* n+ Z / N& Z- V1 o1 Z- N; e% \( R* F
Logs cabin were (the) most popular in the early 1800s, with the settlers were moving west. They provided the answer to the pioneer’s need for a safe and sturdy home that an (ord) ordinary family could build quickly. They had dirt floors and sliding boards for windows.
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% j" n4 h/ m4 @But the log buildings that have probably had most influence on modern architects are those of the (mountainary) mountain retreats tricks off wealthy New Yorkers. These country houses which were popular in early 1900s to (the five) typify what’s known as the A style. 6 U; E" b* [4 R! r6 D
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Now let’s look at the slides.
' [- @2 d  U( d4 ^. H% P( e4 e生词" q* ^' I8 @' W9 G
Cozy a.舒适的，安逸的，惬意的
7 o& z1 p- |4 y8 A5 ]8 QPrecut?
" G  e* @4 k! [9 i& y/ gRetreat vi.撤退，退却；规避，退缩。n.退却，撤退；退军号，收兵号；隐退处，静居处  F0 g: U% k( Z
重点跟读3 z! j) I5 {# Q
1连读
/ v0 h2 O4 Z$ _# w(a roan) their own 这也是我的克星之一，已经错了无数次了，就是听不出来
- s* ?& Y: X6 A4 a" l( E(projecut proposal) pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. 0 |7 x* N6 b) P& V
2听重音
5 q3 l9 O, ?0 O( U- ]/ O" O(call for ig) incorporate
% j5 M" E. o. l( |; p6 d(ord) ordinary! K# o3 J, u, q% t2 r( Q* P
3(mountainary) mountain retreats

这是昨天晚上听的,已经很晚很晚才睡的~
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+ L$ M+ T, _$ \2 ~# l* PNo.19 钱币7 I8 J% B& a: y4 ^" H
I was really glad when your club (finded) invited me to share my coin collection. (It is in)
! `$ q! i" S9 I- |It’s been my passion since I collected my first Lincoln cent in 1971. That’s (a) the current penny with Abraham Lincoln’s image. Just a little history before I started my own collection. 8 a5 {0 [* Z% Y# C; u
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Lincoln pennies are made of copper, and they there the first United States coin to bare the likeness (if) of a president. It was (backing on) back in 1909, when the country was celebrating the centennial of Lincoln’s birth in 1809 that the decision was made to redesign the (once and) one cent (peace) piece in his honor. Before that, the penny had an American Indian head on it. The new penny was designed by artist Victor David B. It was interesting because he put the initials VDB on the reverse of the coin in his original design. There was a general (upover) uproar when the initials were discovered. And only a limited number of the coins were （strucked） struck 6 o! G) m: ?0 `0 n
with the initials on them. Today, the penny with initials from the Sanfransisco mint called the 1909 ZDB. It was (once) worth over 500 dollars.  P0 I' l+ c9 u
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Now when I started my coin collection, I began with the penny for several reasons. There were a lot of them, several hundred billion (of the) have been minted. And there were a lot of people collecting them. Though I have (plenny a to traindative and talkative) plenty of people to trade with and talk about my collection. Also it was the coin that could afford to collect (in the) as a young teenager. In the 25 years since then, I have managed to acquire over 300 coins, some of them very (ware) rare. I will be sharing with you today some of my wary specimens, including the 1909 VDB.
1 W( g2 O  g/ w/ s. L" m% `- h- {生词表
/ b, Y" p6 Q6 f7 w, ARoar n.吵闹，喧嚣，骚乱# \, p' G3 W/ E+ @& g; J
重点跟读
6 {$ M# J' X# R& l1(once and) one cent
6 V# X" }& p, Q) d. c2(of the) have been
9 T( f+ E% m5 ?! W3这有r的发音，好像是魔咒一般~0 ]$ e$ l- A# x& n
(upover) uproar
3 J" d, n) [+ u! b
! v2 w# Z5 u6 X9 r, q(ware) rare
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这是刚才听的,觉得都听懂了,结果还是错了那么多,唉~
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) G- j: }' }3 I; S/ h5 b; w$ {( u+ ^No.20 农业5 ]3 j6 q) B5 w6 V
On the most popular myths about the United States in the 19th century was that of the free and simple life of the farmer. It was said that farmers (were tard) work hard on their own land to produce whatever their families needed. They might sometimes trade with neighbors. But in general, they could get along just fine by relying on themselves, not (commercialize) on commercial ties with others. 8 c( Q# [- S8 ?- {
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This is how Thomas Jefferson idealize the farmer at the beginning of the 19th century. And at that time this (name was) may have been close to the truth, especially on the (frunteer) frontier. But by mid century, sweeping changes in agriculture were well under way, as farmers began to specialize in the (reason) raising of crops such as cotton, or corn, or wheat.
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By late in the century, revolutionary advances in farm machinery had vastly increased production specialized crops. And the extensive network railroad had linked farmers throughout the county to markets in the east even (their receivers) overseas. By (reasing) raising and selling specialized crops, farmers could afford more and finer good, and achieve a much higher standard of living but at a price.
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8 }" {3 I! ~. i' t0 `( E* F) rNow farmers were no longer dependent just on the weather and their own efforts. Their lives were increasingly controlled by banks, which had power to grant or deny (alones) loans for new machine, and by the railroads which set the (R) rates for shipping their crops to the market. As businessmen, farmers now had to worry about national economic depressions and the influence of the world supply and demand on, for example the price (pleading cans) of wheat on Kansas. & r$ s9 \  [0 h3 V2 a( j

* w+ X& E. k& x$ OAnd so by the end of the 19th century, the era of Jefferson’s independent farmer had come to a close
, d' o# h! M& Y# _3 p; w生词表7 @( B# E8 k; e# m1 E' V- x8 m9 A
Frontier n.边界，边境；开发地区的边缘，边远地区；沿待开发的领域，尖端
6 J4 L  m9 F  ]& @& D6 Q8 M重点跟读
( I' }# R+ r4 s: w9 s' ~! Q1魔咒raising
- Q9 k3 d& Q1 f% v. v! a2(alones) loans
) Q0 O& N* r- x- J# qnot (commercialize) on commercial ties
* U3 e! s2 |, {% \, f( I(name was) may have been- \7 |: f2 R0 M# a, \8 ?
(were tard) work hard1 U. J* P/ P. V  s7 w& S' ]- ?

ＬＺ加油。

No.21 magazine
" Z* S; |: L2 J0 I; |- nMoving away from newspapers, let’s now focus on magazines. Now the first magazine was a little (peareal) periodical article called the review. And with starting in London in 1704, it looked a lot like the newspapers at that time. But in term of its content, it was much different. Newspapers were concerned mainly with news events, but the review focused on important domestic issues of the day as well as the policies of the government.
4 }$ C& Z& K! G7 K0 O
% i4 L% O7 b, z. w! y* kNow, in England at that time people could still be (throwning) thrown in jail for publishin articles that were critical of the king. And (that would) that’s what happened to D, he was the out spoken founder of the review. D actually wrote the first issue of the review from (person) prison. You see, he has been arresting because of he’s writings that criticized the policies of church in England, which was headed by the king.
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0 n7 H8 Y- w& i  G" l/ ?% q; D1 l7 YAfter his release, D continued to produce the review, and the magazine started to appear on a more frequent schedule—about three times a week. It didn’t take long for other magazines to start (pump) popping up. In 1709 a magazine called the T began publication. This new magazine contained mixture of news,( politory) poetry, political analysis and philosophical essays.- G0 v2 ?0 a; f& `
生词表
, k; N" P/ \; N7 \! jPop up v.突然出现
+ W3 p' z1 p! v% {- J重点跟读
: f8 x: X1 f/ X1 b  |# R1 第二次没听出来，和上次是完全相同的，果然前一阵子不好好跟读是有后果的~
2 M8 |9 Y2 ?" H5 G1 P1 h(that would) that’s what
8 E1 {4 ?/ E. J( f$ o2对单词还是不熟悉" m2 B4 w% d7 l# I3 s% m* r& L  C
(peareal) periodical
* `/ U$ E# Y: j4 @. u+ ~( politory) poetry