I'm sure almost every one of you looked at your watch or at a clock before you came class today. Watches and clocks seem as much an important part of our life as breathing or eating. and yet did you know that watches and clocks were scarce in the united sates until the 1850s. in the late 1700s,people didn't know exact time unless they were near clock. Those delightful clocks in the squares of European towns were built for the public. After all, most citizens simply couldn't afford a personal timepiece. Well into the 1800s,in Europe and United States, the main purpose of watch, which by the way was off and on a gold chain was to show others how wealthy you were.
, ~" Y- G7 J; X7 mthe word “wrist watch” didn't even enter the English language until nearly1900. by then, the rapid pace of the industrialization in the united states meant that measuring time had become essential .how could the factory worker get to work on time unless he or she knew exactly what time it was? since the efficiency was now measured by how fast the job was done, everyone was interested in time. and since industrialization made possible the manufacture of large quantities of goods, watches became fairly inexpensive. Furthermore electric lights kept factories going around the clock.
$ q: s- Q# T( [+ R9 X  I, ^5 VBeing on time had entered the language and life every citizen.

欢迎加入听写大家庭- ~) D$ |& O4 d
关于格式 可以参照怪叔叔的日志 分类的标注出来  这样复习的时候会很清楚

尊敬的stifler大人，偶···偶比较懒，格式就请将就一下好莫~~？ 3 z2 B7 f- X+ i9 S- x" D# m5 O

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5 z7 W* U/ O- r1 ]2 k& u欢迎大人监督~~
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' d" Q' a" D/ b' R7 jSo why did what is now called modern dance, begin in the United States. To begin to answer the question, I’ll need to back track a little bit and talk about classical ballet. By the late 1800s,ballet had lost a lot of its popularity. Most of the ballet dancers who performed in the United States were brought over from Europe.They performed using the rigid techniques that’d been passed down through the centuries. Audience and dancers in the United States were eager for their own contemporary dancer form and so around 1900,dancers create one. So how was this modern dance so different from classical ballet? Most notably, it wasn't carefully choreographed. Instead the dance depended on the improvisation and free personal expression of the dancers. Music and scenery were of little importance to the modern dance. And lightness of movement wasn't important either. In fact , modern dancer made no attempt at all to conceal the effort involved in the dance step. But even if improvisation appeals to audiences, many dance critics were less enthusiastic about the performances. They questioned the artistic integrity of dancers who were not professionally trained and artistic value of works that had no formal structure. Loi Fore, after performing fire dance, was described as doing little more than turning around and around like an eggbeater. Yet the free personal expression of the pioneer dancers is the basis of the controlled freedom of modern dance today." ]( n" @2 p& e% z& \

LS，TKS~~~~~~
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) z  I. W$ u4 }In the late 1400s,when CC return to Spain from the western hemisphere. He brought with him a sample of what the native American called maze or as we called it more often today corn. The corn The corn that CC introduced to Europe was the distant descendant of a grace native to Mexico. The peoples of the Americas probably started to domesticate this grass as early as 5000BC.4 \8 Z+ v. |) c/ {& w1 R# s& v
After about a thousand years, they had developed a highly productive strands of corn. Which late became the basis for the great pre-C civilizations. Figuratively speaking, both the cities of the Incas and the temples of the Mayas were built on corn. Domesticated corn and the people who cultivated it8 u2 A# u6 M: }* q
developed togother.Without humans to care for it, domesticated corn couldn't survive. The kernels are crowded together beneath the strong protected husk and silk. And the young corn shoot is not strong enough to break through the hust on its own. If people didn’t strip away the husk and plant individual kernels, the corn would die out.

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Welcome to yellow stone national park. Before we begin our naturel walk today, I’d like to give your a short history of our natural park service. The national park service began in the late 1800s.A small group of explorers had just completed a month long exploration of the region that is now yellow stone. They gathered around the campfire after hours of discussion, they decided that they shouldn't claim this land for themselves. They felt it should be accessible to everyone. So they began a campaign to preserve this land for everyone’s enjoyment .Two years later, in the late 19 century, an act of congress signed by president US, preclaimed the yellow region a public park. it’s the first national park in the world. After yellow stone became a public park, many other area of great scenic importance were set aside. And in 1916, the national park service was established to manage these parks. As a park ranger, I’m an employee of the national park service, In the national park, park rangers are on duty at all the times to answer questions, and help visitors in any difficulty. Nature walks, guided tours, and campfire talks are offered by specially trained staff members. The park service also protects the animals and plans in the parks.

格式做好了  最后方便的是你自己啊。。。

In the early 1800s,the paper industry was still using rags as its basic source of fiber as it had for many centuries. However the rag supply couldn't keep up with the growing demand for paper. The united sates alone was using 250,000 times tons of rags each year. And a quarter of that had to be imported. It was clear that a new source of fiber was needed to keep up with the demand for paper. The answer to this problem turned out to be paper made from wood pulp, something that was abundantly available in north America. In Canada, the first wood pulp mill was set up in 1866.and it was immediately successful. but while wood pulp solve the problem of quantity it created a problem of quality. Wood contains a substance called lignin .the simplest way to make large quantity of cheap paper. involves leaving the lignin in the wood pulp. But lignin is acidic. And is presence in paper has shorten the life expectancy of paper from several centuries for rag paper to less than a hundred years ago, and already turning yellow and beginning to disintegrate. even though books printed much earlier maybe in find condition. This is bad enough for older books on your bookshelf poses a huge problem for libraries and collections of government documents.# P. q8 m1 Z3 n
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! w! n4 m$ g0 s' \, `: G8 A: R听写的时候总是把握不住全文大意，郁闷~

听写完后再整体听一下
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谢谢提醒~~
4 J! p' q5 s9 A* J1 X& B1 e跟读~ 好耗时间哦~~而且不知道要读到个什么样子才叫可以呢？？？？？？？  S# r$ c/ u8 O/ p# U4 j

. x: \6 B+ W4 e0 T$ k$ ~A recent report has shown that here in the United States, we’ve experienced an evolution considering our attitudes towards the workweek and weekend. Although some calendars still mark the beginning of a week as Sunday, more and more of us are coming to regard Monday as the first day of the week with Saturday and Sunday comprising the 2- day period thought as the week-end. in fact, the word “weekend” didn’t even exist in English untill about middle of last century. In England at that time Saturday afternoons had just been added to Sundays and holidays as a time for workers to have off from their jobs. This innovation became common in the United States in the 1920s.but as the workweek shortened doing great depression of the 1930s,the weekend expanded to 2 full days Saturday and Sunday. Some people thought that this trend would continue due to increasing the automation and the workweek might decrease to four days or even fewer. But so far this hasn't happened, The workweek seems to stabilize as 40 hours made up 5-8hours days. After this commercial, I’ll be talk about the idea of adding Monday to the weekend.

In this century photograph have been really important for teaching our history. I'll show you what I mean at the moment with some photographs& q* o0 C; w+ a/ S" O
taken by Petr and Paul Julie. The work of these 2 photographers has been a very useful source for studying the art produced in the US from1896 to the present. Peter and PJ were not artist. But they were a regular part of the New York art theme. They took over 100,000 photographs which document the lives and work thousands of artists. Peter Julie is known as a pioneer in this field of
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* u4 u' s4 i# L0 V% r* fphotography. G O and other famous artists, sought him out to take pictures of their work. His specialty was photographing paintings, his son Paul photographed sculptures. Some of their most important photos are the ones of the works of art that have since been destroyed. One example is a photo that we’ll look at today. Would someone get the lights pls .Thanks. this slide is from a photograph of a painting by EH called Corn Belt City. The painting was exhibited only 2 or 3 times before it was destroyed in fire. Without the J photograph ,no visual record of the work would exist. Although theJ's mostly% g, \1 Y7 Z# M3 v# s! j
photographed the work of painters or sculptors,they also occasionally photographed architectural subjects. They did quite a few photos of buildings3 u; ]' P' Z8 d* W
by JRP, And we are going to look one of those next.